GLM-5.1 Is Here: #1 on SWE-Bench Pro and How to Run It with OpenClaw
Z.ai released GLM-5.1 on March 27, 2026. It topped SWE-Bench Pro with 58.4 — beating Claude Opus 4.6 (57.3), GPT-5.4 (57.7), and Gemini 3.1 Pro (54.2). The full model has 744 billion parameters trained on 100,000 Huawei Ascend chips. It reaches 94.6% of Claude Opus 4.6's coding performance. And the Coding Plan starts at $3/month. Here is what GLM-5.1 means for AI agent builders, and how to start using it with OpenClaw today.
GLM-5.1 by the Numbers
The benchmarks are hard to ignore. On SWE-Bench Pro — the toughest standardized test for software engineering — GLM-5.1 leads the field.
58.4
Beats GPT-5.4 (57.7), Claude Opus 4.6 (57.3), and Gemini 3.1 Pro (54.2).
45.3 / 47.9
94.6% of Claude Opus 4.6. 28% better than GLM-5 (35.4).
744B total
MoE: 256 experts, 8 active per token. Only 40B active during inference.
$3/mo
GLM Coding Plan promo. Standard pricing starts at $10/month.
Try GLM-5.1 with OpenClaw
GLM-5.1 is available via Ollama with the glm-5.1:cloud tag. The :cloud suffix routes to the hosted Z.ai endpoint — you get the full 744B model without needing local hardware.
ollama launch openclaw --model glm-5.1:cloudollama launch claude --model glm-5.1:cloudollama run glm-5.1:cloudIf you already have agents running with another model, switching to GLM-5.1 is a single line change in your config.yaml. The SOUL.md, tools, and memory stay the same.
# Before
model: claude-sonnet-4-20250514
provider: anthropic
# After — switch to GLM-5.1 cloud
model: glm-5.1:cloud
provider: ollamaWhy GLM-5.1 Matters for Agent Builders
The SWE-Bench Pro result is the headline, but the cost story is where it gets interesting for production deployments. Getting 94.6% of Claude Opus 4.6 coding performance at $3-$10/month changes the math for agents that run coding tasks repeatedly.
Code Review Agent
GLM-5.1 leads SWE-Bench Pro. For agents that review pull requests, analyze diffs, or catch bugs, this is the top-performing model available today.
Debugging Agent
28% improvement over GLM-5 came entirely from post-training. Better alignment means more precise error diagnosis and fewer hallucinated fix suggestions.
Refactoring Agent
MoE architecture activates only 40B of 744B parameters per token — fast inference without sacrificing quality on complex multi-file refactors.
Documentation Agent
Strong language capabilities paired with deep code understanding. Agents that generate or maintain documentation benefit from both.
Test Generation Agent
SWE-Bench Pro tests real-world repository tasks including test writing. GLM-5.1 scores highest — directly applicable to test generation workflows.
Cost-Sensitive Workflows
Agents that run coding tasks 10, 50, or 100 times a day. At $3-10/month vs Opus pricing, the savings on high-frequency agent calls are substantial.
The Architecture: 744B MoE, Zero NVIDIA
GLM-5.1 uses a Mixture-of-Experts architecture. 744 billion total parameters spread across 256 experts. Only 8 experts — roughly 40 billion parameters — activate for each token. This means the model runs at the quality of a 744B dense model while using the compute of a 40B model at inference time.
The entire training run used 100,000 Huawei Ascend 910B chips. No NVIDIA. This is the most significant large-scale training result outside of the US GPU stack, and it produced a model that tops the hardest coding benchmark in the industry.
744B
Spread across 256 MoE experts
40B
8 of 256 experts activated per token
100K chips
Huawei Ascend 910B — entirely non-NVIDIA
The 28% Jump: Post-Training, Not a New Model
GLM-5.1 uses the same base weights as GLM-5. The 28% improvement in coding performance — from a score of 35.4 to 45.3 — came entirely from post-training optimization. Z.ai used a progressive alignment pipeline:
1. Multi-task SFT
Supervised fine-tuning across diverse coding tasks simultaneously. Builds broad capability without specialization collapse.
2. Multi-stage RL
Reinforcement learning applied in stages with increasing task difficulty. Iterative improvement with feedback at each stage.
3. Cross-stage Distillation
Knowledge from intermediate training stages is distilled back into the model. Preserves gains from earlier stages while incorporating later improvements.
The takeaway for agent builders: if you were running GLM-5 agents, upgrading to GLM-5.1 is a model tag swap. No architectural changes, no SOUL.md rewrites. You get a 28% better model with the same interface.
The Case for Model-Agnostic Agent Architecture
GLM-5.1 topping SWE-Bench Pro is a reminder that model rankings shift. Three months ago Claude Opus 4.6 led coding benchmarks. Today GLM-5.1 leads. In three months something else may lead. Agents built around a specific model API are fragile.
The right structure separates identity (SOUL.md), tools, and the model into independent layers. When the model layer is a single config line, you can follow performance improvements without rebuilding anything.
agent/
├── SOUL.md # Identity: role, personality, rules
├── config.yaml # Model layer — change one line
│ └── model: glm-5.1:cloud # ← previously claude-sonnet
├── tools/ # Integrations (unchanged)
│ ├── github-api
│ ├── web-search
│ └── slack-webhook
└── memory/ # Knowledge (unchanged)
└── context.md
# Switch to GLM-5.1 without changing anything else:
# model: claude-sonnet-4-20250514 → model: glm-5.1:cloud
# model: gpt-5.4 → model: glm-5.1:cloud
# model: ollama/qwen3 → model: glm-5.1:cloudBuild GLM-5.1 Agents with CrewClaw
CrewClaw generates a complete, deployable agent package. Pick GLM-5.1 as the model, design the agent in the visual builder, and download a zip with SOUL.md, config.yaml, Docker setup, and a Telegram bot. No subscription, no lock-in, you own the files.
5 minutes
Visual builder with templates for common agent roles
$29 one-time
No subscription. No recurring fees. You own the files.
Anywhere
Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, VPS, Docker, or any machine with Node.js
Related Guides
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Best LLMs for Tool Calling in OpenClaw
Which models handle function calls most reliably
Anthropic and Ollama Provider Setup
Configure multiple model providers in one OpenClaw setup
OpenClaw Cost Optimization
Route tasks by complexity to minimize token costs
Frequently Asked Questions
What is GLM-5.1 and who made it?
GLM-5.1 is a large language model released by Z.ai (Zhipu AI) on March 27, 2026. It uses a Mixture-of-Experts architecture with 744 billion total parameters across 256 experts, with only 8 experts — 40 billion parameters — activated per token. It topped SWE-Bench Pro with a score of 58.4, beating Claude Opus 4.6 (57.3), GPT-5.4 (57.7), and Gemini 3.1 Pro (54.2). Notably, it was trained entirely on Huawei Ascend 910B chips.
How does GLM-5.1 compare to Claude and GPT-5.4 for AI agents?
On SWE-Bench Pro, the hardest software engineering benchmark, GLM-5.1 scores 58.4 vs Claude Opus 4.6's 57.3 and GPT-5.4's 57.7. On a Claude Code-evaluated coding benchmark, it scores 45.3 compared to Claude Opus 4.6's 47.9 — reaching 94.6% of Opus performance. For agent workflows that involve coding, debugging, and code review, GLM-5.1 is competitive with the best models available at a significantly lower price point.
How do I run GLM-5.1 with OpenClaw?
Use the ollama CLI with the glm-5.1:cloud model tag. To launch an OpenClaw agent: ollama launch openclaw --model glm-5.1:cloud. To use it with Claude Code: ollama launch claude --model glm-5.1:cloud. To chat directly: ollama run glm-5.1:cloud. The :cloud suffix routes to the hosted Z.ai endpoint so you get the full 744B model without local hardware requirements.
How much does GLM-5.1 cost?
Z.ai offers a GLM Coding Plan starting at a promotional price of $3/month, with the standard price at $10/month. This makes it one of the most cost-effective options for coding-heavy agent workflows. For context, getting 94.6% of Claude Opus 4.6's coding performance at a fraction of the cost is a significant operational advantage for teams running agents at scale.
What does the 28% improvement from GLM-5 to GLM-5.1 mean in practice?
The entire improvement came from post-training — not a new base model. Z.ai used a progressive alignment pipeline: multi-task SFT followed by multi-stage RL followed by cross-stage distillation. The base weights did not change. This shows that alignment and fine-tuning techniques can produce large capability gains. For agent builders, it suggests GLM-5 agents can be upgraded to GLM-5.1 by simply swapping the model tag — same SOUL.md, better performance.
Is GLM-5.1 open source?
GLM-5.1 weights are available on Hugging Face under the zai-org organization. The cloud-hosted version is accessible through the Z.ai API and via Ollama with the glm-5.1:cloud tag. For local inference, the MoE architecture means you need significant hardware to run the full model — the hosted API is the practical choice for most agent deployments.
Build a GLM-5.1 powered agent in minutes
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